by Lily Collison
The goal of treatment with oral medications (those taken by mouth) is to achieve generalized tone reduction. There are several oral medications physicians may prescribe to reduce spasticity, including: BaclofenDiazepamDantrolene sodiumTizanidine These medications act...
by Lily Collison
Botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT-A), as a medication, is injected directly into a muscle and acts by blocking the release of a chemical called acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction (where the nerve meets the muscle). Botulinum neurotoxin is produced by the bacteria...
by Lily Collison
Phenol is a medication delivered by injection. It was used as a treatment for spasticity for many decades before the advent of BoNT-A. Phenol is injected directly into the motor nerve,* causing a chemical reaction that prevents the nerve from sending messages to the...
by Lily Collison
Intrathecal baclofen (ITB) is an alternative method of administering the drug baclofen. (The other method is orally–by mouth.) The following is an explanation of each term: Intrathecal: “Intra” means “within,” and the “theca” is the sheath enclosing the spinal cord....
by Lily Collison
Selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) is a common neurosurgical procedure performed in people with cerebral palsy (CP). It reduces spasticity by selectively cutting abnormal sensory nerve rootlets in the spinal cord. (Think of nerve roots like the roots of a tree, which...
